Power transformers are used for several reasons in the electrical power system. Some of them are:
To reduce power loss in transmission lines: Electrical power is generated at low voltage levels, which results in high current and high line losses due to ohmic heating. By using a step-up transformer at the generating station, the voltage level can be increased, and the current can be reduced, which reduces the line losses and improves the power factor. Similarly, at the receiving end, a step-down transformer can be used to lower the voltage level to a suitable value for distribution and consumption.
To provide galvanic isolation between circuits: Power transformers can provide electrical isolation between two or more circuits that have different potentials or frequencies. This can prevent short circuits, ground faults, interference, and damage to sensitive equipment.
To match the load impedance with the source impedance: Power transformers can adjust the voltage and current levels of a circuit to match the load impedance with the source impedance. This can improve the power transfer and efficiency of the circuit.
To provide multiple voltage levels for different applications: Power transformers can provide different voltage levels for various purposes, such as lighting, heating, cooling, communication, etc. For example, a three-phase transformer can provide three-phase power for industrial applications, as well as single-phase power for domestic applications.
132kv Class Three-phase two winding OLTC power transformer | |||||
Rated Power | High Voltage | Low Voltage | No-load Loss(kw) | On-load Loss(kw) | No Load current(%) |
10MVA | 132 kV 138 kV |
6.3 kV 6.6 kV 10.5 kV 11 kV |
11.8 | 51.2 | 0.82 |
12MVA | 13.7 | 59.5 | 0.82 | ||
15MVA | 16.3 | 73.1 | 0.76 | ||
20MVA | 19.5 | 88.4 | 0.76 | ||
25MVA | 22.7 | 105 | 0.69 | ||
30MVA | 27.4 | 126 | 0.69 | ||
37.5MVA | 32.9 | 148 | 0.63 | ||
50MVA | 38.9 | 184 | 0.63 | ||
60MVA | 46.4 | 221 | 0.57 |